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Global immigration, in brief
About 304 million people live outside the country they were born in, 3.7% of the world's population. Since 2024, many of the largest destination countries have cut new arrivals or tightened their rules. Conflict and displacement remain high.
304minternational migrants worldwide, 2024 (UN DESA)
117.8mpeople forcibly displaced, end of 2025 (UNHCR)
171,000UK net migration, year to December 2025, down from a 944,000 peak (ONS)
$685bnremittances sent to low- and middle-income countries, 2024 (World Bank)
Which countries host the most migrants?
| Rank | Country | Migrants, 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 52.4 million |
| 2 | Germany | 16.8 million |
| 3 | Saudi Arabia | 13.7 million |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 11.8 million |
| 5 | France | 9.2 million |
Source: UN DESA. National figures can differ because of definitions.
What is changing?
- Restriction is spreading. The UK, Canada, Australia and several EU countries cut arrivals in 2024–2026. The EU's Pact on Migration and Asylum has applied since 12 June 2026.
- Anti-immigration parties have gained in elections across Europe.
- The debate continues. Supporters of migration point to ageing populations and labour shortages. Critics point to pressure on housing, services and social cohesion. The full report gives each argument with its source.